Re: The Importance Of Geographic Information System Software
The surface of a sphere cannot be represented as a flat map. Therefore we must use a projection and none are really true to the actual spherical location. Amongst the most usual projections, there are:
The Mercator projection. Invented in the 16th century, the projection is that of the sphere on a cylinder tangent to the equator. It has the advantage to be loxodromic, i.e. latitudes and longitudes are at right angle. That was needed for a) keep a constant compass bearing and b) do astronomical navigation. It is still the chosen projection for seafarers.
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