HI
The violin is the soprano member of the string family, which also includes, from highest to lowest, viola, violoncello, and double bass. It is abbreviated Vln. in scores, distinguishing it from the viola, which is Vla. There are two violins, along with a viola and a cello, in a string quartet, and sections of both first and second violins in orchestras, possibly 30 in all in large orchestras.

The violin, like the viola, is held under the chin and rests on the player’s left shoulder., The neck is held by the left hand, which is used for fingering, while the right hand holds the bow. The violin is a non-transposing instrument and has four strings tuned in fifths at G3, D4, A4, and E5. The highest pitched string, the E-string, is called the first string.

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