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Crude oil is a liquid found naturally in rock, containing mostly complex hydrocarbons, with some additional organic material. It is the major fuel used on the planet, and is used in the production of many synthetic materials like plastics as well.

Crude oil can come in many different weights and colors, and can differ greatly in its composition. As little as half of the composition of heavy oils can be made up of hydrocarbons, while the lightest oils can be up to 97% hydrocarbons. There are four main hydrocarbons found in crude oil, in varying amounts depending on the oil. Around half of the hydrocarbons in most crude oil are naphthenes, one-third are paraffins, one-sixth are aromatics, and the rest are asphaltics. The color can range from pure black or dark brown to greenish or yellowish, depending on the composition.
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